一、项目描述和最终的成果展示

这是在上一次弹跳小项目上进行了一系列的优化和封装。项目: 弹跳的小球
上次没有用函数进行的封装。这次在上次的基础上进行封装和一些功能的优化。
最终效果图如下：

二、封装后的弹跳小球

代码如下：

#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<conio.h> #include<windows.h> //全局变量 int high,width; //游戏画面大小 int ball_x,ball_y;//小球的坐标 int ball_vx,ball_vy;//小球的速度 void gotoxy(int x,int y)//将光标移动到(x,y)位置 { HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); COORD pos; pos.X = x; pos.Y = y; SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle,pos); } void startup()//数据的初始化 { high = 15; width = 20; ball_x = 0; ball_y = width/2; ball_vx = 1; ball_vy = 1; } void show()//显示画面 { gotoxy(0,0);//光标移动到原点位置，以下重画清屏 int i,j; for(i=0;i<=high;i++) { for(j=0;j<=width;j++) { if( ( i == ball_x) && ( j == ball_y ) ) printf("O");//输出小球 else if( j == width) printf("+");//输出右边框 else if( i == high) printf("-");//输出下边框 else printf(" ");//输出空格 } printf("\n"); } } void updateWithoutInput()//与用户输入无关的更新 { ball_x = ball_x + ball_vx; ball_y = ball_y + ball_vy; if( (ball_x == 0 ) || (ball_x == high-1 )) ball_vx = -ball_vx; if( (ball_y == 0 ) || (ball_y == width-1 )) ball_vy = -ball_vy; Sleep(50); } void updateWithInput()//与用户输入有关的更新 { } int main(void) { startup();//数据的初始化 while(1) { show();//显示画面 updateWithoutInput();//与用户输入无关的更新 updateWithInput();//与用户输入有关的更新 } return 0; } 

效果图如下：

三、显示移动挡板

代码如下：

#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<conio.h> #include<windows.h> //全局变量 int high,width; //游戏画面大小 int ball_x,ball_y;//小球的坐标 int ball_vx,ball_vy;//小球的速度 int position_x,position_y;//挡板的中心坐标 int ridus;//挡板的半径大小 int left,right;//挡板的左右位置 void gotoxy(int x,int y)//将光标移动到(x,y)位置 { HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); COORD pos; pos.X = x; pos.Y = y; SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle,pos); } void startup()//数据的初始化 { high = 15; width = 20; ball_x = 0; ball_y = width/2; ball_vx = 1; ball_vy = 1; ridus = 5; position_x = high; position_y = width/2; left = position_y -ridus; right = position_y + ridus; } void show()//显示画面 { gotoxy(0,0);//光标移动到原点位置，以下重画清屏 int i,j; for(i=0;i<=high+1;i++) { for(j=0;j<=width;j++) { if( ( i == ball_x) && ( j == ball_y ) ) printf("O");//输出小球 else if( j == width) printf("+");//输出右边框 else if( i == high+1) printf("-");//输出下边框 else if ( (i==high)&&(j>=left)&&(j<=right)) printf("*"); else printf(" ");//输出空格 } printf("\n"); } } void updateWithoutInput()//与用户输入无关的更新 { ball_x = ball_x + ball_vx; ball_y = ball_y + ball_vy; if( (ball_x == 0 ) || (ball_x == high-1 )) ball_vx = -ball_vx; if( (ball_y == 0 ) || (ball_y == width-1 )) ball_vy = -ball_vy; Sleep(50); } void updateWithInput()//与用户输入有关的更新 { char input; if(kbhit()) { input = getch(); if( input == 'a' || input == 'A' ) { position_y--;//位置左移 left = position_y-ridus; right = position_y+ridus; } if( input == 'd' || input == 'D' ) { position_y++; left = position_y - ridus; right = position_y + ridus; } } } int main(void) { startup();//数据的初始化 while(1) { show();//显示画面 updateWithoutInput();//与用户输入无关的更新 updateWithInput();//与用户输入有关的更新 } return 0; } 

效果图如下：

四、反弹小球

代码如下：

#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<conio.h> #include<windows.h> //全局变量 int high,width; //游戏画面大小 int ball_x,ball_y;//小球的坐标 int ball_vx,ball_vy;//小球的速度 int position_x,position_y;//挡板的中心坐标 int ridus;//挡板的半径大小 int left,right;//挡板的左右位置 int ball_number;//反弹小球的次数 void gotoxy(int x,int y)//将光标移动到(x,y)位置 { HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); COORD pos; pos.X = x; pos.Y = y; SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle,pos); } void startup()//数据的初始化 { high = 15; width = 20; ball_x = 0; ball_y = width/2; ball_vx = 1; ball_vy = 1; ridus = 5; position_x = high; position_y = width/2; left = position_y -ridus; right = position_y + ridus; ball_number=0; } void show()//显示画面 { gotoxy(0,0);//光标移动到原点位置，以下重画清屏 int i,j; for(i=0;i<=high+1;i++) { for(j=0;j<=width;j++) { if( ( i == ball_x) && ( j == ball_y ) ) printf("O");//输出小球 else if( j == width) printf("+");//输出右边框 else if( i == high+1) printf("-");//输出下边框 else if ( (i==high)&&(j>=left)&&(j<=right)) printf("*"); else printf(" ");//输出空格 } printf("\n"); } printf("反弹小球数:%d\n",ball_number); } void updateWithoutInput()//与用户输入无关的更新 { if( ball_x == high -1) { if( (ball_y>=left) && (ball_y<=right) ) { ball_number++; printf("\a");//响铃 } else { printf("游戏失败\n"); system("pause"); exit(0); } } ball_x = ball_x + ball_vx; ball_y = ball_y + ball_vy; if( (ball_x == 0 ) || (ball_x == high-1 )) ball_vx = -ball_vx; if( (ball_y == 0 ) || (ball_y == width-1 )) ball_vy = -ball_vy; Sleep(50); } void updateWithInput()//与用户输入有关的更新 { char input; if(kbhit()) { input = getch(); if( input == 'a' || input == 'A' ) { position_y--;//位置左移 left = position_y-ridus; right = position_y+ridus; } if( input == 'd' || input == 'D' ) { position_y++; left = position_y - ridus; right = position_y + ridus; } } } int main(void) { startup();//数据的初始化 while(1) { show();//显示画面 updateWithoutInput();//与用户输入无关的更新 updateWithInput();//与用户输入有关的更新 } return 0; } 

效果图如下：

五、添加砖块并实现打砖块操作

代码如下：

#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<conio.h> #include<windows.h> //全局变量 int high,width; //游戏画面大小 int ball_x,ball_y;//小球的坐标 int ball_vx,ball_vy;//小球的速度 int position_x,position_y;//挡板的中心坐标 int ridus;//挡板的半径大小 int left,right;//挡板的左右位置 int ball_number;//反弹小球的次数 int block_x1,block_y1;//砖块1的位置 int block_x2,block_y2;//砖块2的位置 int block_x3,block_y3;//砖块3的位置 int score;//消掉砖块的个数 void gotoxy(int x,int y)//将光标移动到(x,y)位置 { HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); COORD pos; pos.X = x; pos.Y = y; SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle,pos); } void startup()//数据的初始化 { high = 15; width = 20; ball_x = 0; ball_y = width/2; ball_vx = 1; ball_vy = 1; ridus = 5; position_x = high; position_y = width/2; left = position_y -ridus; right = position_y + ridus; ball_number=0; block_x1 = 0; block_y1 = 1; block_x2 = 0; block_y2 = 2; block_x3 = 0; block_y3 = 3; score=0; } void show()//显示画面 { gotoxy(0,0);//光标移动到原点位置，以下重画清屏 int i,j; for(i=0;i<=high+1;i++) { for(j=0;j<=width;j++) { if( ( i == ball_x) && ( j == ball_y ) ) printf("O");//输出小球 else if( j == width) printf("+");//输出右边框 else if( i == high+1) printf("-");//输出下边框 else if ( (i==high)&&(j>=left)&&(j<=right)) printf("*"); else if( (i==block_x1) && (j==block_y1) ) printf("A");//输出砖块1 else if( (i==block_x2) && (j==block_y2) ) printf("B");//输出砖块2 else if( (i==block_x3) && (j==block_y3) ) printf("C");//输出砖块3 else printf(" ");//输出空格 } printf("\n"); } printf("反弹小球数:%d\n",ball_number); printf("消掉的砖块数: %d\n",score); } void updateWithoutInput()//与用户输入无关的更新 { if( ball_x == high -1) { if( (ball_y>=left) && (ball_y<=right) )//被挡板挡住了 { ball_number++; printf("\a");//响铃 } else { printf("游戏失败\n"); system("pause"); exit(0); } } if( (ball_x == block_x1) && (ball_y ==block_y1) )//小球击中砖块1 { score++;//分数加1 block_y1=rand()%width;//产生新的砖块 while((block_y1==block_y2) || ( block_y1==block_y3)) //当新产生的砖块和其他砖块重合时 { block_y1=rand()%width;//产生新的砖块 } } if( (ball_x == block_x2) && (ball_y ==block_y2) )//小球击中砖块2 { score++;//分数加1 block_y2=rand()%width;//产生新的砖块 while((block_y2==block_y1) || ( block_y2==block_y3)) //当新产生的砖块和其他砖块重合时 { block_y2=rand()%width;//产生新的砖块 } } if( (ball_x == block_x3) && (ball_y ==block_y3) )//小球击中砖块3 { score++;//分数加1 block_y3=rand()%width;//产生新的砖块 while((block_y3==block_y1) || ( block_y3==block_y2)) //当新产生的砖块和其他砖块重合时 { block_y3=rand()%width;//产生新的砖块 } } ball_x = ball_x + ball_vx; ball_y = ball_y + ball_vy; if( (ball_x == 0 ) || (ball_x == high-1 )) ball_vx = -ball_vx; if( (ball_y == 0 ) || (ball_y == width-1 )) ball_vy = -ball_vy; Sleep(66); } void updateWithInput()//与用户输入有关的更新 { char input; if(kbhit()) { input = getch(); if( input == 'a' || input == 'A' ) { position_y--;//位置左移 left = position_y-ridus; right = position_y+ridus; } if( input == 'd' || input == 'D' ) { position_y++; left = position_y - ridus; right = position_y + ridus; } } } int main(void) { startup();//数据的初始化 while(1) { show();//显示画面 updateWithoutInput();//与用户输入无关的更新 updateWithInput();//与用户输入有关的更新 } return 0; } 

效果图如下：

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