LNMP之Mysql源码编译安装
Mysql
- 主流的sql数据库
- 官网:https://www.mysql.com/
Mysql编译安装脚本
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make tar openssl openssl-devel cmake ncurses ncurses-devel
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
cd /usr/local/src
wget 'https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz'
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.6.39
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DWITH_SSL=yes -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
make && make install
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld
编译选项说明
- CMACK_INSTALL_PREFIX指定安装的目录
- MYSQL_DATADIR指定Mysql的数据目录
mysql环境变量配置
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
mysql的启动步骤
- 更新配置
- 数据库初始化
- 启动数据库
更新mysql配置/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
datadir=/data/mysql
user=mysql
skip-name-resolve
long_query_time=2
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log
expire_logs_days=2
innodb-file-per-table=1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
log_warnings = 1
max_allowed_packet????? = 512M
connect_timeout = 60
net_read_timeout = 120
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
mysql数据库初始化
mkdir -pv /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql? /usr/local/mysql /data/mysql/
yum install -y perl-Module-Install
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql? --datadir=/data/mysql/
使用systemctl管理mysqld,/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=mysqld
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
启动mysql服务器
systemctl start mysqld
验证Mysql是否启动
查看进程:ps aux | grep mysql
查看监听:netstat -tulnp | grep mysql
查看日志:tail -f /data/mysql/mysqld.log
mysql的安全方式
- mysql能限制ip访问、访问需要用户名密码、mysql权限还能再细分
- 默认让127.0.0.1访问,用户名root,不需要密码
- mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -A
mysql加密码
- mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -u root password 'zabbixpwd'
- mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -pzabbixpwd -A
mysql授权某ip登录
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.237.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zabbixpwd' WITH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;
网络登录mysql
mysql -h 192.168.237.49 -uroot -pzabbixpwd -A
LNMP架构
- 用户 -> php文件
- 请求到达nginx,nginx通过127.0.0.1:9000去调用php-fpm
- php-fpm -> 运行php程序
- php -> 操作mysql
LNMP的环境验收,/usr/local/nginx/html/test_mysql.php
<?php
? $link=mysql_connect("127.0.0.1","root","zabbixpwd");?
? if(!$link){
??? echo "mysql_connect fail";
? }else{
??? echo "mysql_connect success";
? }
?>
从PHP5.0开始就不推荐使用mysql_connect()函数,到了php7.0则直接废弃了该函数,替代的函数是:
mysqli_connect();
用法是:
$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","my_user","my_password","my_db");
官方的描述连接:http://php.net/manual/en/function.mysqli-connect.php
正确的测试代码:
<?PHP
? ? $conn=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","root");
? ? if($conn){
? ? ? ? echo"ok";
? ? }else{
? ? ? ? echo"error"; ? ?
? ? }
?>
?
?