问题描述
我尝试获取打开的 xml 标记和它的关闭对应项之间的全部内容.
I try to get the whole content between an opening xml tag and it's closing counterpart.
像下面的 title 这样直接获取内容很容易,但是如果 mixed-content 被使用,我想保留内部标签?
Getting the content in straight cases like title below is easy, but how can I get the whole content between the tags if mixed-content is used and I want to preserve the inner tags?
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <review> <title>Some testing stuff</title> <text sometimes="attribute">Some text with <extradata>data</extradata> in it. It spans <sometag>multiple lines: <tag>one</tag>, <tag>two</tag> or more</sometag>.</text> </review>
我想要的是两个text标签之间的内容,包括任何标签:Some text with <extradata>data</extradata>在里面.它跨越<sometag>多行:<tag>one</tag>、<tag>two</tag>或更多</sometag>.
现在我使用正则表达式,但它有点乱,我不喜欢这种方法.我倾向于基于 XML 解析器的解决方案.我查看了 minidom、etree、lxml 和 BeautifulSoup,但找不到适合这种情况的解决方案(整个内容,包括内部标签).
For now I use regular expressions but it get's kinda messy and I don't like this approach. I lean towards a XML parser based solution. I looked over minidom, etree, lxml and BeautifulSoup but couldn't find a solution for this case (whole content, including inner tags).
推荐答案
from lxml import etree t = etree.XML( """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <review> <title>Some testing stuff</title> <text>Some text with <extradata>data</extradata> in it.</text> </review>""" ) (t.text + ''.join(map(etree.tostring, t))).strip()
这里的诀窍是 t 是可迭代的,并且在迭代时会产生所有子节点.因为etree避免了文本节点,所以还需要恢复第一个子标签之前的文本,用t.text.
The trick here is that t is iterable, and when iterated, yields all child nodes. Because etree avoids text nodes, you also need to recover the text before the first child tag, with t.text.
In [50]: (t.text + ''.join(map(etree.tostring, t))).strip() Out[50]: '<title>Some testing stuff</title> <text>Some text with <extradata>data</extradata> in it.</text>'
或者:
In [6]: e = t.xpath('//text')[0] In [7]: (e.text + ''.join(map(etree.tostring, e))).strip() Out[7]: 'Some text with <extradata>data</extradata> in it.'