问题描述
>>> import os >>> os.chdir('c:/python27') >>> os.listdir('c:') ['Tools', 'include', 'python.exe', 'libs', 'DLLs', 'Lib', 'NEWS.txt', 'w9xpopen.exe', 'Doc', 'pythonw.exe', 'LICENSE.txt', 'README.txt', 'tcl'] >>> os.listdir('c:/') ['users', 'Program Files', 'Python27', 'windows']
为什么c:"后面的/"会影响结果?有没有办法让 os.listdir('c:') 返回 "c:/" 的内容?
Why is the "/" after "c:" affecting the outcome? Is there a way to get os.listdir('c:') to return the contents of "c:/"?
推荐答案
这不是 Python 特有的,它本质上是一个 Windows 问题.
This is not specific to Python, it's a Windows question at heart.
在 Windows 中,C: 和 C:(或者,C:/)具有完全不同的含义:
In Windows C: and C: (or, alternatively C:/) have quite different meanings:
- C:指的是驱动器上的当前目录C:
- C:(和C:/)指的是驱动器的根目录C:
- C: refers to the current directory on the drive C:
- C: (and C:/) refers to the root directory of the drive C:
虽然类 UNIX 操作系统只有一个当前目录",但 Windows 有两个**的概念:
While UNIX-like operating systems simply have a "current directory", Windows has two separate notions:
- 当前驱动器和
- 当前目录每个驱动器
所以当前驱动器可以是D:,C:上的当前目录可以是Windows(实际上是C:Windows)和 D: 上的当前目录可能是 Data(实际上是 D:Data).在这种情况下,解决方案的工作方式如下:
So the current drive could be D:, the current directory on C: could be Windows (effectively C:Windows) and the current directory on D: could be Data (effectively D:Data). In this scenario resolution would work like this:
- . 将引用 D:Data
- 将引用 D:
- C: 将引用 C:Windows
- C:Foo 将引用 C:Foo
- . would refer to D:Data
- would refer to D:
- C: would refer to C:Windows
- C:Foo would refer to C:Foo
因此,如果您想获得有关特定目录的信息,则应始终使用完整路径包括驱动器和目录,如 C:.
So if you want to have information about a specific directory, you should always use a full path including both a drive and a directory, such as C:.