我可是巴拉巴拉小魔仙呢
这篇帖子简单地带大家了解一下最常用的查询各种硬件信息的命令，其中包括lscpu、hwinfo、lshw、dmidecode、lspci等等。
1. lscpu
lscpu命令可以用来查询处理器cpu的详细信息，只需要简单地输入lscpu即可，如下所示，它本身也没有提供更多选项和功能可供选择。
____FCKpd___0nbsp;lscpu? Architecture:??????????x86_64? CPU?op-mode(s):????????32-bit,?64-bit? Byte?Order:????????????Little?Endian? CPU(s):????????????????4? On-line?CPU(s)?list:???0-3? Thread(s)?per?core:????1? Core(s)?per?socket:????4? Socket(s):?????????????1? NUMA?node(s):??????????1? Vendor?ID:?????????????GenuineIntel? CPU?family:????????????6? Model:?????????????????23? Stepping:??????????????10? CPU?MHz:???????????????1998.000? BogoMIPS:??????????????5302.48? Virtualization:????????VT-x? L1d?cache:?????????????32K? L1i?cache:?????????????32K? L2?cache:??????????????2048K? NUMA?node0?CPU(s):?????0-3
2. lshw – 显示硬件信息列表
这个命令用途广泛，它可以根据你的需求以详细或概要的形式列出许多个不同硬件的参数信息，其中包括cpu，内存，磁盘，usb控制器，网卡等等，lshw实质上是从/proc文件目录下的不同文件中提取对应的硬件信息。
___FCKpd___1nbsp;sudo?lshw?-short? H/W?path????????Device??????Class???????Description? ===================================================? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? system??????()? /0??????????????????????????bus?????????DG35EC? /0/0????????????????????????processor???Intel(R)?Core(TM)2?Quad?CPU????Q8400??@?2.66GHz? /0/0/1??????????????????????memory??????2MiB?L2?cache? /0/0/3??????????????????????memory??????32KiB?L1?cache? /0/2????????????????????????memory??????32KiB?L1?cache? /0/4????????????????????????memory??????64KiB?BIOS? /0/14???????????????????????memory??????8GiB?System?Memory? /0/14/0?????????????????????memory??????2GiB?DIMM?DDR2?Synchronous?667?MHz?(1.5?ns)? /0/14/1?????????????????????memory??????2GiB?DIMM?DDR2?Synchronous?667?MHz?(1.5?ns)? /0/14/2?????????????????????memory??????2GiB?DIMM?DDR2?Synchronous?667?MHz?(1.5?ns)? /0/14/3?????????????????????memory??????2GiB?DIMM?DDR2?Synchronous?667?MHz?(1.5?ns)? /0/100??????????????????????bridge??????82G35?Express?DRAM?Controller? /0/100/2????????????????????display?????82G35?Express?Integrated?Graphics?Controller? /0/100/2.1??????????????????display?????82G35?Express?Integrated?Graphics?Controller? /0/100/19???????eth0????????network?????82566DC?Gigabit?Network?Connection? /0/100/1a???????????????????bus?????????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#4? /0/100/1a.1?????????????????bus?????????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#5? /0/100/1a.7?????????????????bus?????????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB2?EHCI?Controller?#2? /0/100/1b???????????????????multimedia??82801H?(ICH8?Family)?HD?Audio?Controller? /0/100/1c???????????????????bridge??????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?PCI?Express?Port?1? /0/100/1c.1?????????????????bridge??????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?PCI?Express?Port?2? /0/100/1c.2?????????????????bridge??????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?PCI?Express?Port?3? /0/100/1c.2/0???????????????storage?????JMB368?IDE?controller? /0/100/1d???????????????????bus?????????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#1? /0/100/1d.1?????????????????bus?????????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#2? /0/100/1d.2?????????????????bus?????????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#3? /0/100/1d.7?????????????????bus?????????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB2?EHCI?Controller?#1? /0/100/1e???????????????????bridge??????82801?PCI?Bridge? /0/100/1e/5?????????????????bus?????????FW322/323?[TrueFire]?1394a?Controller? /0/100/1f???????????????????bridge??????82801HB/HR?(ICH8/R)?LPC?Interface?Controller? /0/100/1f.2?????????????????storage?????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?4?port?SATA?Controller?[IDE?mode]? /0/100/1f.3?????????????????bus?????????82801H?(ICH8?Family)?SMBus?Controller? /0/100/1f.5?????????????????storage?????82801HR/HO/HH?(ICH8R/DO/DH)?2?port?SATA?Controller?[IDE?m? /0/1????????????scsi3???????storage ? ? ? /0/1/0.0.0??????/dev/sda????disk????????500GB?ST3500418AS? /0/1/0.0.0/1????/dev/sda1???volume??????70GiB?Windows?NTFS?volume? /0/1/0.0.0/2????/dev/sda2???volume??????395GiB?Extended?partition? /0/1/0.0.0/2/5??/dev/sda5???volume??????97GiB?HPFS/NTFS?partition? /0/1/0.0.0/2/6??/dev/sda6???volume??????97GiB?Linux?filesystem?partition? /0/1/0.0.0/2/7??/dev/sda7???volume??????1952MiB?Linux?swap?/?Solaris?partition? /0/1/0.0.0/2/8??/dev/sda8???volume??????198GiB?Linux?filesystem?partition? /0/3????????????scsi4???????storage ? ? ? /0/3/0.0.0??????/dev/cdrom??disk????????DVD?RW?DRU-190A
3. hwinfo - Hardware Information
hwinfo同样是一个使用非常广泛的硬件信息查询命令，类似于lshw，它同样可以详细或概要地报告多个部件的硬件信息，但不同的是，它有时可以给出比lshw更多的信息。
___FCKpd___2nbsp;hwinfo?--short? cpu: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel(R)?Core(TM)2?Quad?CPU????Q8400??@?2.66GHz,?2000?MHz? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel(R)?Core(TM)2?Quad?CPU????Q8400??@?2.66GHz,?2000?MHz? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel(R)?Core(TM)2?Quad?CPU????Q8400??@?2.66GHz,?2666?MHz? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel(R)?Core(TM)2?Quad?CPU????Q8400??@?2.66GHz,?2666?MHz? keyboard:? ? /dev/input/event2????AT?Translated?Set?2?keyboard? mouse:? ? /dev/input/mice??????Microsoft?Basic?Optical?Mouse?v2.0? graphics?card:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?965G-1? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82G35?Express?Integrated?Graphics?Controller? sound:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?HD?Audio?Controller? storage:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?4?port?SATA?IDE?Controller? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?2?port?SATA?IDE?Controller? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?JMicron?JMB368?IDE?controller? network:? ? eth0?????????????????Intel?82566DC?Gigabit?Network?Connection? network?interface:? ? eth0?????????????????Ethernet?network?interface? ? lo???????????????????Loopback?network?interface? disk:? ? /dev/sda?????????????ST3500418AS? partition:? ? /dev/sda1????????????Partition? ? /dev/sda2????????????Partition? ? /dev/sda5????????????Partition? ? /dev/sda6????????????Partition? ? /dev/sda7????????????Partition? ? /dev/sda8????????????Partition? cdrom:? ? /dev/sr0?????????????SONY?DVD?RW?DRU-190A? usb?controller:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#4? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#5? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB2?EHCI?Controller?#2? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#1? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#2? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#3? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Intel?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB2?EHCI?Controller?#1? bios:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?BIOS? ...?TRUNCATED?...
4. lspci - 显示pci总线相关信息
lscpi命令可以列出pci总线上信息，以及所有连接到pci总线上的设备信息，比如VGA适配器，显卡，网卡，usb端口，sata控制器等等。
___FCKpd___3nbsp;lspci? 00:00.0?Host?bridge:?Intel?Corporation?82G35?Express?DRAM?Controller?(rev?03)? 00:02.0?VGA?compatible?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82G35?Express?Integrated?Graphics?Controller?(rev?03)? 00:02.1?Display?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82G35?Express?Integrated?Graphics?Controller?(rev?03)? 00:19.0?Ethernet?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82566DC?Gigabit?Network?Connection?(rev?02)? 00:1a.0?USB?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#4?(rev?02)? 00:1a.1?USB?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#5?(rev?02)? 00:1a.7?USB?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB2?EHCI?Controller?#2?(rev?02)? 00:1b.0?Audio?device:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?HD?Audio?Controller?(rev?02)? 00:1c.0?PCI?bridge:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?PCI?Express?Port?1?(rev?02)? 00:1c.1?PCI?bridge:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?PCI?Express?Port?2?(rev?02)? 00:1c.2?PCI?bridge:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?PCI?Express?Port?3?(rev?02)? 00:1d.0?USB?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#1?(rev?02)? 00:1d.1?USB?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#2?(rev?02)? 00:1d.2?USB?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB?UHCI?Controller?#3?(rev?02)? 00:1d.7?USB?controller:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?USB2?EHCI?Controller?#1?(rev?02)? 00:1e.0?PCI?bridge:?Intel?Corporation?82801?PCI?Bridge?(rev?f2)? 00:1f.0?ISA?bridge:?Intel?Corporation?82801HB/HR?(ICH8/R)?LPC?Interface?Controller?(rev?02)? 00:1f.2?IDE?interface:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?4?port?SATA?Controller?[IDE?mode]?(rev?02)? 00:1f.3?SMBus:?Intel?Corporation?82801H?(ICH8?Family)?SMBus?Controller?(rev?02)? 00:1f.5?IDE?interface:?Intel?Corporation?82801HR/HO/HH?(ICH8R/DO/DH)?2?port?SATA?Controller?[IDE?mode]?(rev?02)? 03:00.0?IDE?interface:?JMicron?Technology?Corp.?JMB368?IDE?controller? 04:05.0?FireWire?(IEEE?1394):?LSI?Corporation?FW322/323?[TrueFire]?1394a?Controller?(rev?70)
可以使用grep命令筛选出特定的设备信息。
___FCKpd___4nbsp;lspci?-v?|?grep?"VGA"?-A?12
5. lsscsi – 列出scsi设备信息
列出scsi/sata设备信息，比如硬盘驱动器，光盘驱动器。
___FCKpd___5nbsp;lsscsi? [3:0:0:0]????disk????ATA??????ST3500418AS??????CC38??/dev/sda?? [4:0:0:0]????cd/dvd??SONY?????DVD?RW?DRU-190A??1.63??/dev/sr0
6. lsusb – 列出usb总线信息，及设备信息
该命令可以显示USB控制器及连接到控制的设备信息。默认情况下，只显示概要信息，可以通过-v选项指示其显示更多的硬件信息。
___FCKpd___6nbsp;lsusb? Bus?002?Device?001:?ID?1d6b:0002?Linux?Foundation?2.0?root?hub? Bus?007?Device?001:?ID?1d6b:0001?Linux?Foundation?1.1?root?hub? Bus?006?Device?001:?ID?1d6b:0001?Linux?Foundation?1.1?root?hub? Bus?005?Device?002:?ID?045e:00cb?Microsoft?Corp.?Basic?Optical?Mouse?v2.0? Bus?005?Device?001:?ID?1d6b:0001?Linux?Foundation?1.1?root?hub? Bus?001?Device?001:?ID?1d6b:0002?Linux?Foundation?2.0?root?hub? Bus?004?Device?001:?ID?1d6b:0001?Linux?Foundation?1.1?root?hub? Bus?003?Device?001:?ID?1d6b:0001?Linux?Foundation?1.1?root?hub
上面信息显示，在该系统中，有一个usb端口正被鼠标占用。
7. Inxi
inxi命令是一个大的bash脚本文件，其通过从不同的信息来源和命令中获取硬件信息，最后能给出一个颜色高亮的，适合于非专业人员阅读的硬件信息报告。
___FCKpd___7nbsp;inxi?-Fx
8. lsblk – 列出块设备信息
列出所有块设备信息，其中包括硬盘分区信息，以及其他存储设备，如光盘，闪存等。
___FCKpd___8nbsp;lsblk? NAME???MAJ:MIN?RM???SIZE?RO?TYPE?MOUNTPOINT? sda??????8:0????0?465.8G??0?disk ? ├─sda1???8:1????0????70G??0?part ? ├─sda2???8:2????0?????1K??0?part ? ├─sda5???8:5????0??97.7G??0?part?/media/4668484A68483B47? ├─sda6???8:6????0??97.7G??0?part?/? ├─sda7???8:7????0???1.9G??0?part?[SWAP]? └─sda8???8:8????0?198.5G??0?part?/media/13f35f59-f023-4d98-b06f-9dfaebefd6c1? sr0?????11:0????1??1024M??0?rom
9. df – 显示文件系统的磁盘空间信息
报告各种挂载的文件系统信息，其中包括挂载点，已用的，可用的磁盘空间。
___FCKpd___9nbsp;df?-H? Filesystem??????Size??Used?Avail?Use%?Mounted?on? /dev/sda6???????104G???26G???73G??26%?/? none????????????4.1k?????0??4.1k???0%?/sys/fs/cgroup? udev????????????4.2G??4.1k??4.2G???1%?/dev? tmpfs???????????837M??1.6M??835M???1%?/run? none????????????5.3M?????0??5.3M???0%?/run/lock? none????????????4.2G???13M??4.2G???1%?/run/shm? none????????????105M???21k??105M???1%?/run/user? /dev/sda8???????210G??149G???51G??75%?/media/13f35f59-f023-4d98-b06f-9dfaebefd6c1? /dev/sda5???????105G???31G???75G??30%?/media/4668484A68483B47
10. pydf – python版本的df
一个增强型的python版的df命令，可以以不同的颜色显示所查询的信息，看起来比df更好看。
___FCKpd___10nbsp;pydf? Filesystem?Size?Used?Avail?Use%??????????Mounted?on ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? /dev/sda6???96G??23G???68G?24.4?[#.....]?/ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? /dev/sda8??195G?138G???47G?70.6?[####..]?/media/13f35f59-f023-4d98-b06f-9dfaebefd6c1? /dev/sda5???98G??28G???69G?29.2?[##....]?/media/4668484A68483B47
11. fdisk
fdisk命令可以用来修改硬盘分区表信息，也可以用来显示硬盘分区表信息
___FCKpd___11nbsp;sudo?fdisk?-l? Disk?/dev/sda:?500.1?GB,?500107862016?bytes? 255?heads,?63?sectors/track,?60801?cylinders,?total?976773168?sectors? Units?=?sectors?of?1?*?512512?=?512?bytes? Sector?size?(logical/physical):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes? I/O?size?(minimum/optimal):?512?bytes?/?512?bytes? Disk?identifier:?0x30093008? ? ?Device?Boot??????Start?????????End??????Blocks???Id??System? /dev/sda1???*??????????63???146801969????73400953+???7??HPFS/NTFS/exFAT? /dev/sda2???????146802031???976771071???414984520+???f??W95?Ext'd?(LBA)? /dev/sda5???????146802033???351614654???102406311????7??HPFS/NTFS/exFAT? /dev/sda6???????351614718???556427339???102406311???83??Linux? /dev/sda7???????556429312???560427007?????1998848???82??Linux?swap?/?Solaris? /dev/sda8???????560429056???976771071???208171008???83??Linux
12. mount
mount命令可以用来挂载设备，当然也可以用来查看系统中设备的挂载情况。
___FCKpd___12nbsp;mount?|?column?-t? /dev/sda6????on??/????????????????????????????????????????????type??ext4?????????????(rw,errors=remount-ro)? proc?????????on??/proc????????????????????????????????????????type??proc?????????????(rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)? sysfs????????on??/sys?????????????????????????????????????????type??sysfs????????????(rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)? none?????????on??/sys/fs/cgroup???????????????????????????????type??tmpfs????????????(rw)? none?????????on??/sys/fs/fuse/connections?????????????????????type??fusectl??????????(rw)? none?????????on??/sys/kernel/debug????????????????????????????type??debugfs??????????(rw)? none?????????on??/sys/kernel/security?????????????????????????type??securityfs???????(rw)? udev?????????on??/dev?????????????????????????????????????????type??devtmpfs?????????(rw,mode=0755)? devpts???????on??/dev/pts?????????????????????????????????????type??devpts???????????(rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)? tmpfs????????on??/run?????????????????????????????????????????type??tmpfs????????????(rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)? none?????????on??/run/lock????????????????????????????????????type??tmpfs????????????(rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880)? none?????????on??/run/shm?????????????????????????????????????type??tmpfs????????????(rw,nosuid,nodev)? none?????????on??/run/user????????????????????????????????????type??tmpfs????????????(rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=104857600,mode=0755)? none?????????on??/sys/fs/pstore???????????????????????????????type??pstore???????????(rw)? /dev/sda8????on??/media/13f35f59-f023-4d98-b06f-9dfaebefd6c1??type??ext4?????????????(rw,nosuid,nodev,errors=remount-ro)? /dev/sda5????on??/media/4668484A68483B47??????????????????????type??fuseblk??????????(rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096)? binfmt_misc??on??/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc?????????????????????type??binfmt_misc??????(rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)? systemd??????on??/sys/fs/cgroup/systemd???????????????????????type??cgroup???????????(rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,none,name=systemd)? gvfsd-fuse???on??/run/user/1000/gvfs??????????????????????????type??fuse.gvfsd-fuse??(rw,nosuid,nodev,user=enlightened)
同样，可以使用grep命令来筛选出想看的文件系统信息。
___FCKpd___13nbsp;mount?|?column?-t?|?grep?ext
13. free – 查看RAM信息
查看系统中RAM的使用情况，包括已使用空间，未使用空间，以及总空间。
___FCKpd___14nbsp;free?-m? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?total???????used???????free?????shared????buffers?????cached? Mem:??????????7975???????5865???????2110??????????0?????????24????????622? -/+?buffers/cache:???????5218???????2757? Swap:?????????1951????????921???????1030
14. dmidecode
dmidecode命令不同于其他的命令，它是通过读取SMBOIS数据结构（也称为DMI表）中数据来提取硬件信息。
#?显示处理器信息? ___FCKpd___15nbsp;sudo?dmidecode?-t?processor? #?显示内存信息? ___FCKpd___15nbsp;sudo?dmidecode?-t?memory? #?显示bios信息? ___FCKpd___15nbsp;sudo?dmidecode?-t?bios
查看man手册获取更多信息。
15. /proc 文件系统
在/proc目录下的许多虚拟文件包含了很多有关硬件参数及配置的信息。
CPU、内存信息
#?cpu信息? ___FCKpd___16nbsp;cat?/proc/cpuinfo? #?内存信息? ___FCKpd___16nbsp;cat?/proc/meminfo
Linux内核信息
___FCKpd___17nbsp;cat?/proc/version? Linux?version?3.11.0-12-generic?(buildd@allspice)?(gcc?version?4.8.1?(Ubuntu/Linaro?4.8.1-10ubuntu7)?)?#19-Ubuntu?SMP?Wed?Oct?9?16:20:46?UTC?2013
SCSI/Sata设备信息
___FCKpd___18nbsp;cat?/proc/scsi/scsi ? Attached?devices:? Host:?scsi3?Channel:?00?Id:?00?Lun:?00? ? Vendor:?ATA??????Model:?ST3500418AS??????Rev:?CC38? ? Type:???Direct-Access????????????????????ANSI??SCSI?revision:?05? Host:?scsi4?Channel:?00?Id:?00?Lun:?00? ? Vendor:?SONY?????Model:?DVD?RW?DRU-190A??Rev:?1.63? ? Type:???CD-ROM???????????????????????????ANSI??SCSI?revision:?05
分区信息
___FCKpd___19nbsp;cat?/proc/partitions ? major?minor??#blocks??name? ? ?8????????0??488386584?sda? ? ?8????????1???73400953?sda1? ? ?8????????2??????????1?sda2? ? ?8????????5??102406311?sda5? ? ?8????????6??102406311?sda6? ? ?8????????7????1998848?sda7? ? ?8????????8??208171008?sda8? ? 11????????0????1048575?sr0
16. hdparm
hdparm命令可以获取sata设备如硬盘等设备信息。
___FCKpd___20nbsp;sudo?hdparm?-i?/dev/sda?
/dev/sda:?
Model=ST3500418AS,?FwRev=CC38,?SerialNo=9VMJXV1N?
?Config={?HardSect?NotMFM?HdSw>15uSec?Fixed?DTR>10Mbs?RotSpdTol>.5%?}?
?RawCHS=16383/16/63,?TrkSize=0,?SectSize=0,?ECCbytes=4?
?BuffType=unknown,?BuffSize=16384kB,?MaxMultSect=16,?MultSect=16?
?CurCHS=16383/16/63,?CurSects=16514064,?LBA=yes,?LBAsects=976773168?
?IORDY=on/off,?tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120},?tDMA={min:120,rec:120}?
?PIO?modes:??pio0?pio1?pio2?pio3?pio4 ?
?DMA?modes:??mdma0?mdma1?mdma2 ?
?UDMA?modes:?udma0?udma1?udma2?udma3?udma4?udma5?*udma6 ?
?AdvancedPM=no?WriteCache=enabled?
?Drive?conforms?to:?unknown:??ATA/ATAPI-4,5,6,7?
?*?signifies?the?current?active?mode
总结
每一个命令在获取信息的方式会稍微有些不同，在查询某一设备时，你也有可能要结合多个命令才能获取你想要的硬件信息。不过，这些命令都可以在大多数的linux发行版中找到，可以很容易地从默认的仓库中获取安装。
在桌面版系统中，还有一个便于使用的图形界面的工具，比如Hardinfo、I-nex就是其中非常流行的工具，他们可以提供多个硬件部件的详细信息。
